废弃的专栏文章

2004年7月13日 | 分类: 未分类 | 标签:

本拟用专栏的方式依照时序讲一遍近代史。后修正为以人物为主干。写了几篇开头，贴出来大家批判一下。
太平无事
1911年，宣统退位，清朝灭亡，直接原因是辛亥革命。辛亥年之所以有革命，多少要归功于十一年前的义和团暴动，暴动激成八国联军进京，加快中外接轨的速度，为革命创造了条件。而义和团暴动之所以发生，则有赖于前数十年间的鸦片战争和太平天国起义，为之提供了极端民族主义和腐朽官僚政治这两份催化剂。而看似突如其来的外患（鸦片战争）内忧（太平天国），则在乾隆朝以后便已萌芽。道光皇帝旻宁生逢其盛，两件大事都赶上了。
旻宁熬到四十岁才当上皇帝，这就预示着此后三十年的政坛将具有老成持重、讳言变革的执政风格，如龚自珍诗所谓：万马齐喑究可哀。将这种执政风格加以量化和制度化的功臣，则是军机大臣曹振镛曹文正公。今日不赘述文正公在军国大政方面的举措，只讲一条他在书法上的指导性意见。
如果说天下太平是治国的最高境界，那么，这种境界的表征就是太平无事。果若无事，反映在臣子们的奏摺中，便是报报流水账，说一说套话。经过十馀年的努力工作，旻宁自信天下差不多太平了，可是，每日奏摺汇总，却都是长篇累牍，报告这事那事，批阅起来，不胜其繁冗。看来，不是天下不太平，而是大臣太RAP。怎么办呢？曹文正公出了个主意：
承平以久，天下本无事。但是，一些人就是喜欢危言耸听，以博取时誉。您若遽然怪罪，不免要蒙上拒谏的恶名。但篇篇都看，实在又费时费力不讨好。我说哪，皇上今后看摺子，压根别看他内容如何，专拣那字体来看。凡字体不是馆阁正体，学这个碑那个帖的，统统给他拈出来批评；要还有笔画错误、重字漏字的，就给他罚俸降职。他们若见皇上对字体纰漏这种细节都严格要求，今后自然就出言慎重，不敢造次了。
主意不错。旻宁依计而行，逮着几个点背的重重处罚。杀鸡儆猴，立竿见影，此后章奏便“语多吉祥，凶灾不敢入告”了。通过奏摺看国势，俨然一副太平无事的气象，道光帝和文正公不由得相视而笑。
于是，在君臣愉快的笑声中，英国军舰“有事”于东南，洪秀全在南方小镇创立了上帝教。大清国，出事了。

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