欠打的王闿运
清代法律规定：凡纵容妻、妾与人通奸，本夫、奸夫、奸妇各杖九十（《大清律•刑律•犯奸》“纵容妻妾犯奸”条）。美国史家卜德（Derke Bodde）解读这条法律，说，贫困是犯罪的原因，“在妻子是丈夫惟一或者说惟一可以出卖的财产的社会中，这类犯罪真是太普遍了”（《中华帝国的法律》，江苏人民，1993年）。所言不差，在《刑案汇览》——清代乃至传统中国篇幅最巨编辑最精的法律案例汇编——中，便收录了几十桩因贫困而纵妻通奸的案例。读过这些案例，不得不长叹一声，“哀生民之多艰”。
不过，这种自愿戴绿帽的行为，似又比今日常见报道的“仙人跳”好一点。前者止于求财，后者因以色情、暴力相辅而行，不免导致人身伤害的局面，甚至引发命案。仅就社会稳定而言，刑事案件的危害性远大于风化案件。或虑及此，《大清律》对此类罪行，量刑不过九十杖，而实际执行起来，只需脱了裤子打三十五棍，便可各回各家，各找各妈。然而，在实际生活中，本夫、奸夫及奸妇的关系，往往融洽得很，不劳刑法来制裁。晚清文豪王闿运的《湘绮楼日记》，便记录了一段纵妻通奸的事迹，可以佐证。
光绪五年春，闿运受总督之聘，担任成都尊经书院院长。因孤身入川，“浣濯须人”，遂请朋友介绍一个佣妇。闰三月八日，罗氏来应聘，经闿运面试满意，“令留供缝纫”。初时，外间有些闲话，说院长与佣妇“同居”，有伤风化。然闿运“平生不喜宋学（按谓理学）”，认为请一个妇人帮忙洗衣服做家务，不是什么怪事，“世人多鄙暗之行”，淫者见淫，才“以此为怪”。数日后，与罗氏谈其家世，则不仅坚定了闿运聘人的决心，更令他对妇人生了敬意。罗氏云其夫已死，誓不再嫁，外出打工是为了赡养公公——公公虽仅四十几岁，然双目失明，无以为活（按，以此可推知罗氏的年龄在三十岁以下）。闻言，闿运叹曰：“此妪竟贞节孝妇，可异也”；并进一步推测，罗氏正因怀有节孝之心，才能“坦然直入书院群雄之丛”。如此，宾主相安无事。
只是，接着往下看，读者发现情况起了变化。五月十二日凌晨四点，成都发生轻微地震，未尝经历过地震的闿运被“声震床榻”的怪响惊醒，仓促起床，大呼小叫，而回身一看，罗氏“甘寝不惊，反笑余之多怪”。确实，地震不是什么怪事，但是，“贞节孝妇”竟睡在院长身旁，这可是一桩大大的怪事。闿运没在日记里叙述罗氏上床的始末，读者无从设想。不过，年末的几篇日记，可为释疑。
十一月十八日，闿运离开成都，回湖南过年，开船之前，“呼苏妇登舟。初疑其不肯行，观其意乃欣然；知配从之非偶也”。“苏妇”第一次在日记中出现，她是谁？“配从”又是什么意思？且看十二月二日记：“夜寝甚适，罗氏侍也”。罗氏也在船上，难道闿运……？再看十四日记：“遣苏彬上岸，余卧与罗妇谈。苏彬已还船，余未知也”。于是，真相大白：罗氏是苏彬的老婆，故称“苏妇”；罗氏初来，编出一段夫死翁瞽的故事，那是博同情；后来，罗氏洗衣洗到床上，则应是夫妇二人早就订下的方案；再后来，苏彬也来为闿运打工，照顾他返乡的旅程，顺便带老婆回四川，也顺便多赚一份人工。而在长江的船上，“大臀肥身年青女人，就用一个妇人的好处，服侍男子过夜”，而她的丈夫，则“原谅媳妇的行为，尽她在前舱陪客，自己也仍然很和平的睡觉了”（沈从文《丈夫》，1930年）。
按如律，闿运作为“奸夫”，应受三十五棍的处罚。如实，则在他之前，在他之后，“纵容妻妾犯奸”的事情，史不绝书，法不能禁。生活的压力与生命的尊严，哪一个更重要？天知道。
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