野史正——不谈主义 只讲故事
正史与野史的区别究竟在哪里？
或曰，区别在于，正史多为官修，野史出于私撰。但是，司马迁的“一家之言”——《史记》乃是毋庸置疑的正史，而且，唐代以前的正史编撰亦皆“由个人或史家家族着手进行的私人或半私人的计划”，从唐代开始，官修史书才成为主流（杨联陞《国史探微•官修史学的结构》）。那么，修正一下，可不可以说，自唐代以来，只有官修史书才有资格称为正史？答曰，不行。因为反证很多，举个显明的例子，那就是明清易代之际的史事，我们若只看《明史》与《清史稿》，是不得要领的。因为，我们看见的全是“我朝得天下之正，千古之所未有”（清圣祖语）的从容景象，邪性的暴力的残酷的东西几乎全消失了——不仅对清代有掩饰，对明代帝王也有“为尊者讳”之处；清帝嘱咐史馆诸人，要他们“力求平允”，不许批评明帝（刘承幹辑《明史例案》卷一）。不得已，我们还要找出很多私家著述，参以故宫“秘档”（包括比对删改前后的不同《清实录》版本），乃至征引朝鲜国史，才能拼出一幅大致清楚的历史画卷。以此之故，孟森撰《明元清系通纪》及《满洲开国史讲义》，就比《明史》和《清史稿》的有关记载更像正史。三百年前如此，三百年后也有类似的例子，譬如，西安事变与抗美援朝两件大事，读者若非以杨奎松（《西安事变新探——张学良与中共关系之研究》）及沈志华（《毛泽东、斯大林与朝鲜战争》）二人的研究成果为指标性读物，那么，所得或竟真是“稗官小说”之类的“野史”，而不足与语“正史”。然则，以官修与私撰来区别正史与野史，这条路子行不通。
那么，正史与野史的区别究竟在哪里？鄙人答曰：晓不得。
也许，什么是正史，什么是野史，根本是个伪命题。产生于后现代主义运动的各式历史哲学——其著者如新历史主义、结构主义、解构主义、后殖民主义等，早已挑战乃至试图取消历史的客观真实性，只承认历史书写不过像小说一样只是一种“虚构”，历史学家的职责是也只能是完成一个从文本到文本（from text to text）的阐释循环；文本以外，一无所有（There is nothing outside the TEXT）。管他什么有血有肉的人，有破有立的事，有兴起有绝续的思想，全不过是此一时彼一时的“虚构”，真实云云，意义云云，茫不可辨亦不须辨矣。这么一来，不要说正史与野史没什么区别，史书与侃大山也没了区别；省事倒是省事，只是对于绝大多数并不能从纯粹的理论思辩中获得快感的人（譬如在下）来说，未免有点怅然若失。
不过，话又说回来，后现代主义史观——如果有的话——集矢反对的还是所谓“宏大叙事”，譬如，历史发展的客观规律，民族国家的建立神话，现代化进程的天然合法性，等等；若真能将这些“大词”剔除，只去寻求具体而微的史实，最大限度逼近人与事的“历史真相”，回归到“微而显”、“志而晦”、“婉而成章”、“尽而不污”（《左传正义》杜预序）的中国史学传统，未尝不是一件好事。少谈些主义，多讲点故事，不亦乐乎？
正是在这个前提下，才有了这个专栏。需要申明的是，此所谓故事，是指过去的事，并非“故事会”的“故事”；而且，只拣那些说不太清楚的故事，往复辩难，传信传疑，虽不能说将疑案皆办成定案，但务必杜绝强行翻案。言行能否一致，尚祈读者诸君监督赐正，敝人不敢自必也。
先生专研晚清史，既是湖南人，应该对国共党史也有兴趣或研究吧？我想知道，中共在抗战和内战时期，百万军队的武器和粮食从哪里来的？我读过叫“局外人二”的系列文章，天涯论史中有，似乎很有道理，又似乎揣测成份过多，国共党史不明处太多，远比清史多，令人遗憾。
我对现代史国共党史一无所知。清史也知之不详。看上去，一样的朦胧。
伯牛兄，你要叫做清史知之不详，我们这些人叫啥？谦虚也得照顾兄弟们的感受嘛，哈哈。
mulberry purses at target,mulberry black shoulder bag cheap sale,authentic mulberry bags,handbags,wallets for sale,officical mulberry store
[url=http://www.charliechanfamily.com/mulberry-purses-outlet]mulberry purses outlet[/url]
mulberry purses outlet
xcspbcdrz http://www.gn002t29s65q26qee9lcu710cp743msos.org/
[url=http://www.gn002t29s65q26qee9lcu710cp743msos.org/]uxcspbcdrz[/url]
axcspbcdrz
[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheapest-gucci-shoes-mensgucci-mens-shoes-on-salegucci-sale-shoesgucci-shoes-on-sale-store-onlie100-authentic-guarantee/]gucci shoes mens[/url]black gucci handbag[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheapest-black-gucci-handbaggucci-sale-handbagsdiscounted-gucci-handbagsred-gucci-handbag-official-website-salefree-shipping/]black gucci handbag[/url]gucci vintage handbags[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheapest-gucci-vintage-handbagsgucci-designer-handbagsgucci-handbags-outletsale-gucci-handbags-store100-authentic-popular/]gucci vintage handbags[/url]handbag gucci[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/discount-handbag-guccigucci-hobo-handbagdiscount-gucci-handbagswholesale-gucci-handbags-sale-store100-free-shipping/]handbag gucci[/url]gucci handbags nordstrom[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheapest-gucci-handbags-nordstromnew-gucci-handbagshandbags-gucci-outletdesigner-handbags-gucci-store-onliediscount-price/]gucci handbags nordstrom[/url]gucci handbags sale outlet[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/wholesale-gucci-handbags-sale-outletgucci-shoes-handbagshandbag-guccigucci-handbag-sale-sale-store100-secure-shopping/]gucci handbags sale outlet[/url]discount gucci purses[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/authentic-discount-gucci-pursesgucci-purses-salegucci-pursesgucci-purses-official-website-sale100-authentic-guarantee/]discount gucci purses[/url]gucci outlet online authentic[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheap-gucci-outlet-online-authenticgucci-online-outlet-salegucci-online-outletsgucci-outlet-online-official-website-salewith-70-off/]gucci outlet online authentic[/url]gucci outlets online[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/wholesale-gucci-outlets-onlinegucci-outlet-online-storegucci-handbag-outlet-onlinegucci-shoe-outlet-online-sale-store100-quality/]gucci outlets online[/url]gucci handbags outlet online[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/discount-gucci-handbags-outlet-onlinegucci-bag-outlet-onlineonline-gucci-outlet-storegucci-shoe-outlet-online-salediscount-price-and-free-shipping/]gucci handbags outlet online[/url]gucci women sneakers[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/authentic-gucci-women-sneakersgucci-sneakers-for-mengucci-california-sneakerswomens-gucci-sneakers-sale-onlinediscount-price-and-free-shipping/]gucci women sneakers[/url]gucci mens bag[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheapest-gucci-mens-bagmens-gucci-bagsgucci-bag-for-mengucci-mens-sale100-quality/]gucci mens bag[/url]gucci bag for men[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/wholesale-gucci-bag-for-mengucci-bag-mengucci-men-bagsgucci-bag-men-official-website-salefor-customers/]gucci bag for men[/url]gucci joy medium boston bag[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/discount-gucci-joy-medium-boston-baggucci-boston-bagsgucci-vintage-web-boston-baggucci-vintage-web-boston-bag-official-website-sale100-quality/]gucci joy medium boston bag[/url]sukey gucci bag[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheap-sukey-gucci-baggucci-sukey-boston-baggucci-sukey-large-totegucci-sukey-official-website-sale100-free-shipping/]sukey gucci bag[/url]gucci shopping bag[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/authentic-gucci-shopping-bagonline-gucci-outlet-shoppingshop-gucci-outlet-onlinegucci-online-outlet-shop-official-website-salebig-sale/]gucci shopping bag[/url]secaucus outlets gucci[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheap-secaucus-outlets-guccigucci-outlet-secaucus-njsecaucus-gucci-outletgucci-outlet-secaucus-nj-store-onlie100-quality/]secaucus outlets gucci[/url]gucci secaucus outlet[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/wholesale-gucci-secaucus-outletsecaucus-outlets-guccigucci-outlet-secaucusgucci-outlet-in-secaucus-nj-storediscount-price-and-free-shipping/]gucci secaucus outlet[/url]gucci outlet seattle[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/wholesale-gucci-outlet-seattlegucci-outlet-orlandogucci-outlet-cabazongucci-outlet-san-diego-official-website-sale100-free-shipping/]gucci outlet seattle[/url]gucci outlet woodbury[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheap-gucci-outlet-woodburygucci-man-baggucci-flip-flopsgucci-laptop-bag-sale-storetop-quality-sale-at-discount/]gucci outlet woodbury[/url]classic gucci bags[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheap-classic-gucci-bagsgucci-bags-onlineofficial-gucci-storewhere-are-gucci-bags-made-salediscount-price-and-free-shipping/]classic gucci bags[/url]new gucci bags[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheap-new-gucci-bagsreal-gucci-outletgucci-messenger-bagsgucci-outlet-los-angeles-sale-storewith-70-off/]new gucci bags[/url]gucci clutch bag[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/wholesale-gucci-clutch-baggucci-outlets-locationsgucci-kidsgucci-laptop-bag-sale-online100-free-shipping/]gucci clutch bag[/url]gucci leather bag[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/authentic-gucci-leather-baggucci-cross-body-bagsblack-gucci-baggucci-products-official-website-salebig-sale/]gucci leather bag[/url]gucci sale outlet[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheapest-gucci-sale-outletgucci-premium-outletgucci-guiltygucci-hysteria-bag-salewith-unbelievable-price/]gucci sale outlet[/url]white gucci bag[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheap-white-gucci-baggucci-crossover-bagthe-gucci-outletgucci-outlets-locations-store-onlie100-free-shipping/]white gucci bag[/url]gucci jackie o bag[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheapest-gucci-jackie-o-baggucci-cross-body-bagsgucci-flip-flopsgucci-watches-outlet-store-onliebig-sale/]gucci jackie o bag[/url]sale gucci[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/cheap-sale-guccigucci-cross-body-bagsoutlet-guccigucci-outlet-near-me-sale-onlinewith-70-off/]sale gucci[/url]gucci doctor bag[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/discount-gucci-doctor-baggucci-outlet-pricesreal-gucci-outletgucci-indy-sale-store100-secure-shopping/]gucci doctor bag[/url]buy gucci online[url=http://www.volunteeraloha.com/discount-buy-gucci-onlinegucci-bags-wholesalegucci-bags-2011outlets-gucci-official-website-sale100-quality/]buy gucci online[/url]gucci shoes.com
gucci outlet official site http://www.volunteeraloha.com/discount-gucci-outlet-official-sitegucci-jacketgucci-eyeglassesgucci-leather-bag-store100-authentic-guarantee/
gucci outlet official site
[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/mocassini-gucci]mocassini uomo gucci[/url]negozio gucci milano[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/negozio-gucci-milano]negozio gucci milano[/url]orologi gucci[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/orologi-gucci]orologi gucci[/url]gucci firenze[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/outlet-gucci-firenze]gucci firenze[/url]outlet gucci firenze[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/outlet-gucci-firenze]outlet gucci firenze[/url]spaccio gucci firenze[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/outlet-gucci-firenze]spaccio gucci firenze[/url]gucci outlet firenze[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/outlet-gucci-firenze]gucci outlet firenze[/url]portachiavi gucci[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/portachiavi-gucci]portachiavi gucci[/url]gucci portachiavi[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/portachiavi-gucci]gucci portachiavi[/url]portachiavi gucci uomo[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/portachiavi-gucci]portachiavi gucci uomo[/url]portachiavi uomo gucci[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/portachiavi-gucci]portachiavi uomo gucci[/url]portafoglio gucci[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/portafoglio-gucci]portafoglio gucci[/url]portafoglio uomo gucci[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/portafoglio-gucci]portafoglio uomo gucci[/url]portafoglio gucci uomo[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/portafoglio-gucci]portafoglio gucci uomo[/url]portafoglio gucci donna[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/portafoglio-gucci]portafoglio gucci donna[/url]portafoglio donna gucci[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/portafoglio-gucci]portafoglio donna gucci[/url]gucci portafoglio[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/portafoglio-gucci]gucci portafoglio[/url]portafoglio gucci prezzo[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/portafoglio-gucci]portafoglio gucci prezzo[/url]scarpe gucci[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/scarpe-gucci]scarpe gucci[/url]gucci scarpe[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/scarpe-gucci]gucci scarpe[/url]scarpe gucci uomo[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/scarpe-gucci]scarpe gucci uomo[/url]gucci scarpe uomo[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/scarpe-gucci]gucci scarpe uomo[/url]scarpe gucci donna[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/scarpe-gucci]scarpe gucci donna[/url]scarpe uomo gucci[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/scarpe-gucci]scarpe uomo gucci[/url]scarpe gucci outlet[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/scarpe-gucci]scarpe gucci outlet[/url]gucci scarpe donna[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/scarpe-gucci]gucci scarpe donna[/url]scarpe gucci online[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/scarpe-gucci]scarpe gucci online[/url]scarpe donna gucci[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/scarpe-gucci]scarpe donna gucci[/url]scarpe gucci bambino[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/scarpe-gucci]scarpe gucci bambino[/url]gucci uomo scarpe[url=http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/scarpe-gucci]gucci uomo scarpe[/url]gucci scarpe donne outlet gucci http://www.manageacondo.com/tag/gucci-outlet outlet gucci
日知其所亡 » 野史正——不谈主义 只讲故事
This internet internet site is seriously a walk-through for all of the information you wanted about this and didn’t know who to ask. Glimpse here, and you will surely discover it.
cheap jordans
blouson canada chapka canada goose canadagoose echange canada goose canada goose parka expedition canada goose sans manche prix fausse canada goose vendre manteaux canada goose pas cher acheter canada goose quebec canada goose prix parka canada goose trillium canada goose taille xs neuve doudoune canada goose site officiel canada goose doudoune sans manche homme avis sur chaussures ugg sac ugg ugg bebe pas cher bottes neige femme ugg destockage ugg button pas cher ugg bottes et boots ugg homme paris bottes uggs a new york ugg 37 accessoires ugg australia pas cher prix ugg en dollars ugg china botte caoutchouc ugg ugg prix paris ugg australia noir trouver uggs pas cher ugg paris 229 st honore bottes hautes ugg bottes ugg discount botte ugg galerie lafayette points vente ugg bottes ugg stars achat uggs france ugg pas cher suisse bottes ugg australia