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坊间有称曾国藩撰《冰鉴》者，是一本伪书。早在民国初年便被人识破，谓“道光间，吴荷屋（荣光）已为锓版”，根本不是什么曾氏“遗著”（黄濬《花随人圣盦摭忆》）。然而，数十年来此书风行海内，雅俗皆有信其为真者，令人慨叹。
《冰鉴》是相书，讲相貌决定命运，神乎其技。世人好奇，一不留神就入其彀中。国人信，洋人也信，大哲学家叔本华就认为“人的外表是表现内心的图画，相貌表达并揭示了人的整个性格特征”，他甚至写了一篇《论观相术》，畅论相学（载《叔本华论说文集》）。东与西，贤不肖，智若愚，都对相术感兴趣，《冰鉴》之类的书乃能长久流行。国藩负知人之鉴，幕府英才如云，自是事实，造伪者因此傅会其名，强拉他作“代言人”，正是抓准了“消费心理学”，所谓“不切事而犹近理”，“众志所趋，虽圣人有所弗能禁”也（《四库提要》卷一百八《术数类》）。
但是，《冰鉴》虽伪，国藩有相术且运用相术，却是真事。然而，不仅今人，就是国藩弟子，对他的相术也不甚了了；如薛福成，既曰“世俗颇传曾文正精相术”，再曰“余谓文正于相术不必精”，模棱其说，终无定论（《庸盦笔记》卷二）。薛氏尚不下断语，鄙人却敢判定，根据何在？请以国藩亲笔之“相学札记”为证。
台湾影印《湘乡曾氏文献》，内有《同官册》，记录国藩接见属员以相法定优劣的事。优者，他在其人姓名边上画○，劣者则画△，并附评语。选几条看看。“唇薄而定，鼻正而长”，“面如条瓜”，“身材挺拔”，这是画○的相，他以“心术正”、“可造就”、“可用”许之。“横纹入口”，“视下闪烁”，“鼻削下锐”，这是画△的相，他以“心术或坏”、“庸俗”甚至“坏种”黜之。当然，国藩绝非仅凭相法定去留，他还会因社会关系（如京官亲属）、出身境遇（如忠烈之后）乃至独特表现（如言及寡母则“欲涕”），对面相不佳者网开一面。平时，他也留意对各类人物的风评，舆论佳者称“闻可”，反之为“闻否”，一一记录在案，待到面晤再作综合判断（《见闻日记》）。此与相术无关，不赘；吾人感兴趣的是他用什么标准判定相之优劣。《文献》第四册有四页纸，即是他的“相学札记”，文长不能备录，略记大概。“札记”以面、口、头、身、目、鼻、手、足分类鉴别，各举一句为例，如，面“色黄黑而润泽者吉，哑白而枯涩者凶”；“口唇太薄而颤动者靠不住”；“头如山者贵重”（谓脑袋不乱动）；“腰长过人者贵重”；“视上者傲，视下者诐，侧头旁视者则奸”；“隆准而圆美如珠者贵，准削而歪者人心不正”；“指甲坚者心计定”；“行路稳重者贵”。鄙人对相术一无所知，故不能对“札记”作任何评论。惟临时抱佛脚，将《玉管照神局》、《太清神鉴》等著名相书略看一过，发现“札记”所云与之大致相合，以此，或知国藩之相学渊源焉。
国藩朋友间亦好谈相术，殆成风气。胡林翼相李鸿章，谓“如许骨法，必大阔”（咸丰十年五月致国藩书）；相冯卓怀（曾氏幕友），谓“唇不掩齿，非期颐之难致，即谗谤之易集”（咸丰九年七月廿八日）；此后，李氏富贵，冯氏落魄，果如其言。吴汝纶、赵烈文、薛福成日记中，有关记载也不少。最有趣的，则是王闿运对国藩面相的评价：“其相法当刑死，而竟封侯，亦以此心耿耿可对君父也”（光绪四年二月廿七日记）；不知国藩当日对镜，以相法“认识你自己”，是否也有同样的感受？
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