襟怀洒落

2007年5月14日 | 分类: 未分类 | 标签:

曾国藩尝为苏轼《和蔡景繁海州石室》诗作跋。此诗是名篇，其中，“倚天照海花无数”之句，尤为国藩所欣赏。然而，国藩之跋，却非评论文学，而别有所系。跋云：“坡公往游（按谓海州）时，携有妓女，诗中所谓‘後车仍载胡琴女’者也；後，婢已遣去，故又云‘前年开閤放柳枝，今年洗心参佛祖’。伊川常谓‘心中无妓’，余观坡老，襟怀洒落耳”；按，跋语有个小错误。说“心中无妓”的，不是程颐（伊川），而是其兄程颢（刘宗周《人谱类记》卷下）。不过，这个笔误并不重要。重要的是，国藩为什么要赞扬苏轼遣妓为“襟怀洒落”？
要回答这个问题，首先得明白，此处所谓“妓”，不是寻常所说流连街巷之妓，而是买归家中的娱老之妾。此义既明，接着看苏轼的故事。苏轼有妾，姓王，名朝云。苏轼下放惠州，尝于初秋之日，命朝云唱一阕《蝶恋花》，孰知朝云刚唱了两句，便“泪满衣襟”，难以为继。苏轼不解，问她何故，朝云答曰：“奴所不能歌，是‘枝上柳绵吹又少，天涯何处无芳草’也”。闻言，苏轼大笑，说：“吾政悲秋，而汝又伤春矣”。遂罢唱。不久，朝云逝世（佚名撰《林下诗谈》，载陶宗仪编《说郛》卷八十四）。朝云唱不了“天涯何处无芳草”，浅视之，是担心自己地位不稳固，随时有被取而代之的风险。深一层作想，则是老夫少妾之家，夫死之后，恩爱顿消，其妾之出路不容乐观，虽云“何处无芳草”，实则处处是荆棘也。因此，通达的老头，往往在生前有遣妾之举，给她一些钱，甚至替她找个人家，善为归宿。如白居易，虽因老年娶妾被当代佞人骂作“老嫖客”，但也有“病共乐天相伴住，春随樊子一时归”之诗（《春尽日宴罢感事独吟》），为其妾樊素作了安置。苏轼本人也是如此，他说：“予家有数妾，四五年相继辞去”（《朝云诗•引》）。
不以己之老病，耽误她的青春，此即国藩所称之“襟怀洒落”。然国藩所赞在彼，自家心里别有一份情愫，却隐而未发。
国藩有一妻一妾，人所共知。其妾早亡，他欲再买一妾，则知者不多。同治八年三月三日，他给儿子纪泽写信，说，“日困簿书之中（按国藩时任直隶总督），萧然寡欢，思在此买一妾”。并提出了具体条件，一是不要京、津之人，因为听说“京城及天津女子，性情多半乖戾”。所属意者，是江南女子，“或在金陵，或在扬州、苏州购买皆可”；一则“但取性情和柔、心窍不甚蠢者，他无所择也”；最后，有一段申明，谓应向女家讲清楚，此“系六十老人买妾，余死，即可遣嫁”。并引用苏轼《朝云诗•引》之语，说“未死而遣妾，亦古来老人之常事”（《湘乡曾氏文献》，第1173-7页）。于是，前揭跋语云云，可与国藩的现实生活作个对照，也可以窥见他的言外意，盖“襟怀洒落”，即是“余死即可遣嫁”也。
然而，直到同治十年，他仍未买到合意的妾，其后，也不再谈娶妾的事。原因如何，未有确证，但从其弟国荃于十年九月写给他的家书，似能看出几分消息。国荃劝他买妾，说：“耄耋期颐，乃兄固有之寿，倘得少阴以扶助老阳之气，益觉恬适有余味矣”；又劝他不必担心因此隳坏晚节，谓，娶妾“固无关于一生之大者，随其心之所安而已”（第5368-71页）。可见，此时的国藩似对娶妾娱老之说产生了怀疑，更看重的是身后之名会否受损。
白居易和苏轼都不曾因老夫少妾而影响“一生之大”，国藩则患得患失；相形之下，襟怀不够洒落矣。当然，这些事迹和情感的发生，都有一个共同的语境，那就是传统中国。今日之人，不必借口古已有之，遂行“襟怀洒落”之事，亦不必拿着《婚姻法》，去追究古人的重婚罪。

发表评论
  1. louis vuitton handbags outlet
    2014年2月22日11:39
    引用 | #1

    137,204: Individuals who had joined through the government manage transactions running inside Thirty-six states by that very same time. [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=30]best and largest online supplier for burberry bags outlet | burberry mega check scarf | burberry kids outlet[/url]
    “Pet the particular moose. [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=121]burberry wallet women[/url]
    Nevertheless, it’s inside the power these kinds of fools and also insignificant tyrants for you to lay and murder, Plus it wouldn’t be surprising to determine soon a lot taller replacement this Mt. Soledad mix by means of some sort of the flag scratching post that has a huge banner ad paying tribute to be able to United states phallicism as well as Organized Parenthood Incorporated.’s child give up of 63 zillion aborted babies. [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=41]http://www.facultati.biz/?p=41[/url]
    Nov. 8 [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=128]http://www.facultati.biz/?p=128[/url]
    These are imperative to the achievements of reforestation initiatives and [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=115]www.facultati.biz/?p=115[/url]
    A lot of child misuse circumstances happen via mistreatment heading back several weeks, weeks or perhaps many years, your woman said. She estimated that of the actual 179 sufferers witnessed by the forensic nurses within Soldotna last year, about a dozens of have been suffering from problems or perhaps mistreatment which in fact had just transpired. [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=230]www.facultati.biz/?p=230[/url]
    is successful,” she states. [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=85]burberry replica – cheap burberry shirts for men | burberry rain coat[/url]
    He or she took it as a enhance. [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=28]burberry outlet store online[/url]
    Females Basketball: Father christmas Jones from Phoenix arizona Nation Evening Invitational Match

  2. oakley goggles
    2014年2月22日12:07
    引用 | #2

    This information actually came out when for [url=http://www.eco-cleaner.it/license.php?p=piumini-moncler-donna]piumini moncler donna[/url]
    Talk about gucci outlet store
    So, Ann Mori will likely be sports the milk products mustache with your ex daughter inside future Hispanic ad campaign, launching on the web publications national on May possibly Initial. [url=http://www.kickask.com/links.php?p=wholesale-christian-louboutin]wholesale christian louboutin[/url]
    Army Pfc. Dinosaur Rios possesses graduated from simple beat coaching from Fortification Fitzgibbons, Columbia, S.C. bonnet canada goose
    A multitude of pot flowers remain directly below darkish environment friendly lighting with a growing operation inside Soquel with Thursday. (Kevin Johnson/Sentinel) canada goose solde
    underrate the size and style from the trouble,” moncler berlin
    Well Re-size [url=http://www.schmuckimpressionen.de/html/links.php?p=woolrich-kinderjacken-woolrich]woolrich kinderjacken[/url]
    El fundador delete Instituto Gesundheit y simply uno p los creadores nufactured “Volvámonos Locos”, movimiento en pro de las acciones positivas some sort of los demás, opleve reunió swindle los medios signifiant comunicación e impartió una conferencia magistral en u . n . evento organizado por Coca Soda pop durante donde insistió porqué el sense of humor es posible curarlo todo. gucci outlets
    • • •

  3. jordans for cheap
    2014年2月22日13:05
    引用 | #3

    “Stanford has been super confused on account of how soon every thing appeared to be heading,In . your lover claimed. “They were saying not to drop now there simply because they did not understand how I did your pre-op consultation once i we hadn’t perhaps found your doctor prior to.” moncler trebaseleghe
    Donna Mollenhauer white gucci belt
    This time around, it was not Secure. These times, it absolutely was your side of the road around coming from him or her. Even now, the problem ended up being strangely paying homage to any time Bolt had been DQed inside the The new year very last on worlds. [url=http://www.theahlis.com/p/?p=cheap-uggs-boots]cheap uggs boots[/url]
    Welsh ended up being a strong naturalist before this individual had been a city commissioner. They are well-known in Southerly Arkansas seeing that Bi-cycle Baby trend intended for the habit of pedaling out partying giving away fliers about location troubles. [url=http://www.schmuckimpressionen.de/html/links.php?p=woolrich-munchen-woolrich]woolrich münchen[/url]
    In relation to presents to get family, I tend to [url=http://www.ors-auvergne.org/license.php?p=boutique-en-ligne]boutique en ligne canada goose[/url]
    items moncler pas cher
    Get your meals at minimum 2 hours just before category, ideally about three.

  4. nike air max ltd 2
    2014年2月22日13:13
    引用 | #4

    Jr Kids ugg outlet
    Web page ugg Neumel
    Lewis designed the adventure simpler intended for [fifth-year older forward] Rakeem [Buckles], to get Jerome, for anyone, Evans claimed. Beam would have been a smaller position safeguard whom gets into the lane. Jenny vertisements continue to trying to get a take care of for the wrongdoing in addition to operating a workforce with the institution stage. Louis Vuitton Galliera
    Remote control Proximity Playwright andDirector Heart, Moscow piumini moncler
    The organization refurbished it’s label to its term life insurance and also property-casualty companies in 2012 and also hit an agreement for you to mentor New Zealand rugby squads together with the personalisation growing. mulberry Coin Purses
    (Web site Only two of 2) [url=http://www.timberlandoutlets.it/timberland-6-inch-stivali-c-2_9/]Timberland 6 Inch Stivali[/url]
    Newport Beach’s desire to suspend the hearth leaves has had an extremely, incredibly strange convert. ugg Sneakers
    ended up jam-packed inside Foam pots and covered with metal foil. They didn’t

  5. Infrared 6s
    2014年2月22日13:51
    引用 | #5
  6. site de louboutin
    2014年2月22日14:26
    引用 | #6

    basket pas cher pour homme, bottine louboutin, c louboutin, chaussures de luxe femme louboutin, chaussure louboutin justin timberlake, christian louboutin 2012, chaussures louboutin luxe, christian louboutin paris boutique, christian louboutin bottines equestria 160mm, christian louboutin pigalle 100, christian louboutin homme boutique, collection louboutin 2012, christian louboutin pompe alta campus 150mm, les louboutin, destockage louboutin, louboutin d occasion, louboutins uk sale, louboutin noir, louboutin blake, louboutin pas chers, louboutin homme 2011, louboutin prix solde, louboutin taille 35, louboutins and fashion tumblr, louboutins mal aux pieds, occasion louboutin, nike chaussure, sac louis vuitton pas cher, pair de louboutin, vente louboutin pas cher
    site de louboutin

  7. nike air max 1 shop
    2014年2月22日14:28
    引用 | #7

    日知其所亡 » 襟怀洒落
    nike air max 1 shop

  8. sac longchamp pas cher
    2014年2月22日14:49
    引用 | #8

    louboutin femme pas cher
    – 1.2 times very likely find their own urinary tract infection balance [url=http://www.schultecomputer.de/woolrich-blizzard-parka/]woolrich blizzard parka[/url]
    Resaltó qui kid varias las posibilidades de conseguir una cita para el día b la hora dont más les convenga. moncler online shop
    In a delicate phase towards peacefulness, Syria’s federal plus the major level of resistance team seeking to oust that have consented to allow humanitarian assist directly into many blocked-off parts of the damaged Mideast state. moncler jacke damen
    Vly star [url=http://www.ex-presso.ca/canada-goose-jackets/]canada goose jackets[/url]
    Tribune Marketing ServicesPosted: louis vuitton taschen
    Baxxter oifwadpgt Irrrve never stated that you could not purchase an insurance policies and your Medicare insurance. An individual explained ones insurance policy wasn’t some sort of Medicare supplemental insurance. barbour factory shop
    The particular Father christmas Ana Zoo will be taking via shawls by hoda associated with excersize equipment regarding subsequent season’s Winter season Zoobilation. To donate the accessories, contact you are not selected as well as affair manager Colby Cain with 714-953-8555 ext. 14 or maybe e mail ccain@fosaz.internet moncler outlet wien
    Young boys Baseball

  9. http://www.myvelocycles.co.uk/
    2014年2月22日15:10
    引用 | #9

    日知其所亡 » 襟怀洒落
    http://www.myvelocycles.co.uk/

  10. chaussures louboutin homme noir
    2014年2月22日17:14
    引用 | #10

    high heels louboutin, boots louboutin, chaussure discount femme, chaussur louboutin pas cher, chaussures de marques pas cher, chaussures louboutin, chaussures homme t, christian louboutin chaussure, christian louboutin 20th anniversary, christian louboutin soldes, christian louboutin escarpin epoca, des louboutin, christian louboutin pompe ron ron 100mm, location louboutin, christian louboutin shop online, louboutin chaussures soldes, escarpins louboutin taille 38, louboutin eshop, chaussures louboutin dor es en soldes, louboutin prix, louboutin femme noir, louboutin rouge, louboutin papi hugo cotton, madame butterfly louboutin, magasin de bottes, paire de louboutin, prix des chaussures louboutin, site christian louboutin, youtube louboutins jennifer lopez, vente chaussure louboutin
    chaussures louboutin homme noir

评论分页
本文的评论功能被关闭了.