写在状纸边上·骗子杀傻子
苏州杀降，是太平天囯战争时期的一桩大事，也是《投名状》的重要情节。先是，顾思齐先生撰《杀降》一文，在本版发表，广征博证，准确介绍了史事的经过与馀波。珠玉在前，鄙人不揣固陋，用敢再赘数语，向读者介绍为何杀降。
苏州是忠王李秀成的根据地，守城的慕王谭绍光是秀成的腹心爱将。只是，在电影里，守将却变成了黄文金（史上实有其人，即太平天囯的堵王）。
这位黄将军的穿着酷似李秀成。据曾供职于秀成麾下的英国人呤唎（A.F.Lindley）描述，秀成的“朝服十分华丽，幾乎垂至脚面，绣花的黄色缎袍上面缀着浮起的金饰和金银红三色丝线盘成的龙纹，此外再加上他的黄缎绣花裤和华丽的黄缎靴，构成了他的全套服装，衬托出他的英俊威武的神采，真是庄严华美无比”（《太平天囯革命亲历记》）。以此对照剧中黄将军那“华丽丽”的戏服，可知服装设计师的灵感正来自呤唎的回忆录。
黄将军杀身成仁的行为，则似取材于翼王石达开的事迹。同治二年六月，石达开率六千人转战四川，陷入绝境，不得已，与清军谈判，谓自己甘愿受刑，只求赦免全军将士。四川总督骆秉章同意了他的条件。于是，所部四千人遣散回籍，二千人被收编，石达开则被凌迟处死，割了一百多刀。湘军统帅刘蓉亲睹石达开的就义，说他“枭桀坚强之气溢于颜面”，“临刑之际，神色怡然，实丑类之最悍者”。以此对照剧中黄将军的“惊艳”演出，可知，刀数有殊，风采无二。
然而，黄将军死的光荣，终未能救得同袍的性命，令人遗憾，更令人不解。他明明托付赵二虎，请遣散将士，让他们“回家务农”，二虎必已将此意转达庞青雲，青雲何必冒着与兄弟决裂且违背圣旨的风险（同治元年十二月九日上谕，明令禁止杀降），非要悍然杀降呢？据电影台词，青雲杀降有两个原因，一是粮不够吃，一是担心降卒复反。其实，史上的苏州杀降，根本不是这个原因。谨据《李文忠公奏稿》、戈登书信、李秀成《自述》、周馥《负暄闲语》及《清稗类钞》第二册“程忠烈用兵”条，说明杀降的真实原因。
照苏州守将谭绍光的想法，务要“城在人在”，然城中另有一个纳王郜永宽，则觉得大势已去，不若投降。其时，赞同郜永宽意见的人占多数，于是，他们暗中联络清军，愿意“献城”。他们开出的条件是：一，苏州划为南北两区，清军驻北区，降军驻南区；二，降军人员，遣散一部分，收编一部分，至少须收编二十营（约一万人）；三，清方须为降军将领提供若干提督、总兵等高级武职，任职省份由降军指定，而且，短时间内清方不应强求降军“薙髮”（即尊重黄将军那种长髮披肩的“审美趣味”）。按，于情于理，论礼论法，这三个条件皆不可能被清方接受。但是，清方谈判代表程学启与郜永宽等人会面，面无难色，一口应承。于是，同治二年十月廿四日，降军杀谭绍光，次日，降军提着谭将军的人头来到清军大营，并协助清军“弹压”不愿投降的谭将军部下，杀了一千多人。廿六日午，江苏巡抚李鸿章设宴款待郜永宽等人，饭吃到一半，程学启入禀，谓有要事请巡抚走一遭，鸿章甫离席，学启即翻脸，率兵将“降酋”一网打尽，旋又挥师入苏州，“大肆杀掠”。此即苏州杀降之真相。
鉴于久攻不克的军事困境，程学启以招降代替攻城；鉴于谈判条款无法执行的法理局限，李鸿章以杀降代替抚降。降人没有志气，当了傻子；杀降不讲义气，做了骗子。虽是狗咬狗之局，骗子总比傻子可恨，以此，梁启超要责备李鸿章，“于是而有惭德”也（《李鸿章传》）。
宋征殷 太平天囯战争 1951
日知其所亡 » 写在状纸边上·骗子杀傻子
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3:12 Brooklyn starts to come back, and with the Nets down 90 87, George Hill dribbles the ball from 20 seconds on the clock down to 13 and follows this up with a running floater through the lane. If it goes in, Hill looks like a genius, but since he missed, I should point out that Brooklyn is fighting their way back into this game and Paul George hasn shot the ball since the 7:26 mark in the quarter.
The Pacers had had leading contributors all the way down their starting line up to go along with Paul George 24 points Lance Stephenson finished with 15 points, seven assists David West finished with 18 points and eight rebounds Roy Hibbert had 15 points, 11 rebounds, and two blocks.
(Has anyone ever said it weird seeing Deron Williams in a Nets jersey? Anyone?)