写在状纸边上·发饷

2008年3月10日 | 分类: 未分类 | 标签:

克复南京之後，赵二虎不顾庞青雲的阻挠，执意向士兵发放军饷。青雲说：“私分朝廷军饷是重罪”；二虎则云：“我们进了南京之後，有一半是军饷”。随後，一边发饷，一边有人高声报数，云：“张文方，五两；王小三，三两四钱……”。
按，顾名思义，既称军饷，即谓供给军队的粮食与现金，其中就包括发给士兵的薪俸。一般来说，晚清湘军、淮军等勇营的士兵薪俸，包括按月计酬的“月银”，立功受赏的“奖费”，以及退役复员之际发放的“盘川”（即遣散费）。二虎在克城後给士兵发钱，实在是极正当的事情，何来“私分朝廷军饷”的指责呢？也许，编剧想藉此表达，青雲吝饷是为了能向中央上缴更多的银钱，从而换取朝廷对他的好感。然而，士兵上沙场博命，目的只是功名与利禄；惟能立大功者不多，那么，为一般士兵所注意者就只剩一个利字。于是，文官也好，武将也好，哪怕是皇帝本人，不论是谁，皆不愿更不敢对士兵吝惜。战胜，没得说，要发饷，即使战败，也得发饷。舍不得？那就等着看军队由“饷溃”而兵变的好戏吧。
至于二虎说：“进了南京之後，有一半是军饷”；大概是说军队在南京城内抢得财物，一半上缴中央，一半自用。此亦不符事实。同治三年，湘军入南京，统帅曾国藩即写了一分调查报告，说，本已做好打算，“城破之日，查封贼库，所得财物，多则进奉户部，少则留充军饷，酌济难民”。但是，及入城，并未发现大宗财宝，前此纷传城内“金银如海，百货充盈”，根本是谣言。因此，湘军无法向朝廷上缴“贼赃”，用以补贴国家多年用兵造成的财政亏损。奏入，朝廷对此表示高度谅解，批谕：“逆掳金银，朝廷本不必利其所有”；也就是说，能打胜仗就成，银子不是问题。
当然，朝野各方对湘军是否发了横财的质疑，并不因一纸诏书而解消，即至今日，仍有人认为湘军在南京大捞了一笔，尤其曾氏兄弟，竟以此“暴富”。其实，综合分析当时公私史料，我们可以计算曾家的财产，决非“暴富”；南京城内，亦确无太平天囯遗留的“圣库”巨资（可参考拙撰《曾九暴富传说》）。然而，攻入南京的湘军将士绝非一无所得。他们洗劫了南京，人人皆有斩获，这是毫无疑问的。且不仅湘军，还有淮军，都在克城後进行洗劫；又不仅南京，被洗劫的城市还有九江、安庆、苏州、杭州、湖州……。战胜後“合法”抢劫，是旧时军人在薪俸以外的“非经常性收入”，甚至在全部收入中占大头。
再说“经常性收入”。略言之，按湘、淮军的“饷章”，士兵“月银”分四级：什长（今语“班长”）四两八钱，亲兵、护勇（勤务兵）四两五钱，正勇（战兵）四两二钱，火勇（炊事兵）三两三钱。然日常发放，并非全额，而是只发八成，馀款在年底或退役时结清，以银票方式，待回本省府县後兑取。“奖费”也分等，如作战受伤：头等赏银十五两，二等十两，三等五两；致残者，另加；阵亡者，恤银三十两。早期，另有杀敌擒敌的奖赏，如，一个人头值五两（并非真要提头来见，割下耳朵即可领钱）；杀死“黄袍贼”（太平军中的高级军官）一名，赏十五两，生擒翻倍。後因太平军中“裹胁”平民太多，士兵滥杀取赏，导致支出大增，遂废止这种奖励，改为根据营官的报告，由统帅随宜酌定赏金数额。
如此，或可猜测，电影中，张文方发五两，许是他受了三等伤？王小三发三两四钱，许是他的身份为亲兵？

发表评论
  1. Coach Factory Outlet Canada
    2014年2月22日20:40
    引用 | #1
  2. Replica 2014 Christian Louboutin For Sale Clearance Online
    2014年2月22日21:43
    引用 | #2

    5:47 A graphic just flashed that Paul George is the first Indiana Pacer to start the season with seven straight 20 plus point games since Clark Kellogg in the 1985 86 season. I would be very interested to know what the odds are of him winning an MVP award before Andrew Luck does with the Colts.

  3. Cheap Red Bull Snapbacks
    2014年2月22日22:40
    引用 | #3

    You actually make it appear so easy together with your presentation however I to find this matter to be really one thing which I think I’d never understand. It seems too complex and very vast for me. I’m taking a look ahead on your next put up, I will attempt to get the grasp of it!
    Cheap Red Bull Snapbacks http://www.upright914.com/images/hats.cfm?p=Cheap-Red-Bull-Snapbacks-.html

  4. bottes marque
    2014年2月22日23:05
    引用 | #4

    chaussure louboutin suisse, baskets louboutin femme pas cher, chaussures louboutin bottes, chaussure louboutin en solde, chaussures louboutin sur ebay, chaussures femmes louboutin, chistian louboutin, christian louboutin moulage, christian louboutin femme milady 85mm, christian louboutin sneakers homme, christian louboutin pas cher homme, e shop louboutin, christian louboutin sandale en pvc, location chaussures louboutin, escarpins louboutin 42, louboutin chaussures mariage, lou boutin chaussure pas cher, louboutin maggie, louboutin bottes orniron, louboutin pas cher belgique, louboutin price, louboutin soldes 2013, louboutin vide dressing, louboutin talon prix, louboutins jennifer lopez video, prix des louboutins, site de christian louboutin, sac louboutin, soldes chaussures homme, very prive louboutin
    bottes marque http://scoping.fr/images/index.asp?p=600

  5. Cheap jordan xiv
    2014年2月22日23:44
    引用 | #5

    Thanks for the sensible critique. Me & my neighbor were just preparing to do a little research on this. We got a grab a book from our area library but I think I learned more clear from this post. I’m very glad to see such great info being shared freely out there.
    Cheap jordan xiv http://www.supportc2c.com/Press/?p=Cheap-jordan-xiv.html

  6. christian louboutin sale
    2014年2月22日23:53
    引用 | #6

    Nearly all really, [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=176]www.facultati.biz/?p=176[/url]
    The fall session starts off April. Twenty and also concludes 12. 12, along with the program fee is actually $25. The membership runs within the tumble using the goal of running in the 5k about Dec. 10 throughout Scottsdale kept in recognize regarding ex- Maricopa person Sue Meyerhoff. [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=18]burberry scarf bloomingdales[/url]
    Noon-4 g.meters. — Extreme Alaskans Fulfill Greet, together with Marty and also Shiny Raney, Lisa Kelly felix, Atz Lee Kilcher along with Johnathan Hillstrand [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=35]burberry outlet scarf[/url]
    There were 70 ballots sent in through U.Ersus. writers as well as information administrators. Voters ended up inspired to consider who had the most relation to enjoyment along with culture throughout 2013. [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=57]burberry outlet coupon[/url]
    In accordance with the national great court indictment, Martinez and also other anonymous accomplices this year called officials of any structure business in the city of Pereira, with regards to 2 hundred kilometers gulf of Bogota. On the list of believed co-conspirators: the actual Glaciers adviser ersus discreet informant, Aguirre-Pinzon. [url=http://www.facultati.biz/?p=88]cheap burberry handbags[/url]
    the guts for the Development of Man Services, experienced a perspective to help

  7. nike air max leather
    2014年2月23日00:37
    引用 | #7

    日知其所亡 » 写在状纸边上·发饷
    nike air max leather

  8. oakley radar
    2014年2月23日00:58
    引用 | #8

    Vegetable selections: http://www.wvje.org/pictue.php?id=22
    • General public Program [url=http://www.wvje.org/pictue.php?id=231]designer leather handbags[/url]
    The 6-1 option in the ethnic background, Jackson Flex encounters being unfaithful opponents. He or she drew no. 4 publish inside $100,500 race. [url=http://www.wvje.org/pictue.php?id=104]black friday coach[/url]
    With the storm’s top, more than Twenty-two,Thousand people misplaced power throughout north Ms, though time ended up being start to fall overdue Saturday nights. [url=http://www.wvje.org/pictue.php?id=94]www.wvje.org/pictue.php?id=94[/url]
    In terms of their current subject, “Our individual San francisco bay area includes loaded helpful just about any Oppenheimer research,In . these people write within their acknowledgements section. UC Berkeley’s Bancroft Selection and also Stanford’s Admiral Company, and also a audience associated with historians, family members along with colleagues along with San fran associations, have been necessary. http://www.wvje.org/pictue.php?id=56
    railway heroine Harriet Tubman. That executes at places all through [url=http://www.wvje.org/pictue.php?id=189]http://www.wvje.org/pictue.php?id=189[/url]
    “He’ll possibly miss out on most of the period or perhaps strike Twenty-eight homers,” the source claimed. “But he has been really worth threat.In coach bags
    Pricey Pass up Etiquette: I’ve hosted Holiday meal for my loved ones for quite some time. This coming year, the nephew’s young children, although without supervision, demolished any adornment.

  9. Cheap jordan auto
    2014年2月23日01:42
    引用 | #9

    What’s up, I log on to your blogs daily. Your story-telling style is witty, keep doing what you’re doing!
    Cheap jordan auto

  10. coach factory store
    2014年2月23日02:09
    引用 | #10
评论分页
本文的评论功能被关闭了.