写在状纸边上·攻城闲话

2008年3月23日 | 分类: 未分类 | 标签:

天下文章一大抄，这话有几分道理。电影呢？也差不多。抄没问题，就看是“窃意”还是“窃句”。窃意这件事儿，耍得好，可以脱胎换骨，点石成金。窃句，则终归格调不高，往往生吞活剥，一不小心就拍成“喜剧片”。
粗一看，《投名状》似乎在向两种类型的电影致敬，一是香港黑帮片，一是好莱坞战争片。只是，传统中国的政治运作远比弹丸之地的蛊惑仔游戏复杂，罗马军团的方阵战法实在不适用于十九世纪冷、热兵器杂用的复杂局面。非要古为今用，声东击西，难免致敬其名，露怯其实，顾头不顾腚，令人笑来。今且不论紫禁城与外省的政治互动究应如何揭示，也不分析舒城之郊的空手入大炮是否可能，单说苏州城的攻与防。
从画面上看，山字营绕着城墙挖出战壕，士兵挤满壕内，便围住了苏州。战壕与城墙之间，是一片逼仄的平地，零星布设几架障碍物。试问，如此布置，城内的人要冲出来，城外的人要打进去，很难么？还是看看当日指挥战役的李鸿章与实际作战的戈登（C. G. Gordon，1833—85）怎么描述的吧。
李鸿章的叙述比较宏观，他说，太湖之水流经胥门与盘门，绕至娄门，往复数道，成为护卫苏州的天然防线。太平军沿岸构筑一道由土石组成的“长城”，自南而北，“一望无际”。“长城”以内，“石垒土营，比比皆是”。淮军无法近前，只能与太平军“夹河对垒”，依仗“西洋开花大炮”的威力，频繁轰击。
戈登率领“洋枪队”，负责攻击娄门外的“长城”——这也是苏州布防“尤高且坚”的一段工事。他说，土丘（即“长城”）上炮台林立，山坡密布短竹桩，坡前挖有三道壕沟，深约三米，壕沿遍插尖锐的竹签和铁钉，壕外则竖立着一长列的围桩。1863年11月26日，在炮兵连的火力支援下，戈登发动夜袭。他的作战风格是“奋不顾身”，“站在最前列”，而且，“从不携带武器，甚至当他带头冲进敌军阵地缺口时也是如此”。他只是挥舞一根藤杖，临阵调度，这根藤杖被士兵称为“魔杖”——“尽管比任何士兵更加目标暴露，他却从未负过伤”。然而，潇洒的戈登遇到了劲敌。“当夜，慕王（即苏州守将谭绍光）像普通士兵一样，没有穿上鞋袜，赤脚奋勇作战”，在他指挥下，太平军进行了精准、猛烈的反击，虽然死伤惨重，最终还是击退了戈登。然而，堡垒往往从内部攻破，慕王能抗住戈登，却不能消弭太平军内部的离心离德。经此一役，城内早萌异志的王爷、“天将”们坚定了投降的信念，七天后，他们谋杀了慕王，献城乞降。此外，还有一件诡异的事。当慕王被刺那天，他曾命令法国参谋（太平军中也有外国“志愿军”）起草一封密函，寄与戈登，请求安排“私人会晤”——“可能慕王自己也在考虑提出投降的条件”。
可以设想，光着脚的天囯慕王PK手执藤杖的英国少校，这个场景肯定比穿棉袄的刘德华抱住一位长发男跌入水池来得有趣。更可以设想，山字营倘若扔掉馒头发动大炮对准苏州“长城”一通狂炸，当远较龟缩壕内望城兴叹的画面来得精彩。若还能运用电影语言揭露城内城外的人借助“第三种力量”（各国“志愿军”）进行沟通谋求妥协的微妙状况，则不仅触及事物之表，尤能探及人心之深。何况，这不仅是追求视听之娱，更能借此表现攻城确实给守军带来压力，锻炼了人性，显微了欲望，从而为接下来守军投降作出自然的铺垫。
史事发展，入情合理，根本毋庸劳动编剧抓耳挠腮瞎扯淡，而竟舍此他求，直是何苦来哉。

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